Smart Drive: 2008

Discover a car that has been perfectly designed for your everyday life. A car that offers maximum comfort, agility, safety, ecology and driving fun. A pioneering vehicle concept that is one of the best with its low CO₂ emission figures.
Discover the smart fortwo – as a coupé and a cabrio in the pure, pulse, passion and BRABUS equipment lines.

The rest of us might have to pay a $99 reservation fee and wait a minimum of one year to purchase a new Smart Car, but ain’t nothing stopping the City of Somerville from obtaining those golf-cart wannabes.

Mayor Joe Curtatone pulled a couple of strings last week at the Somerville-based Herb Chambers auto dealership and secured four new Mercedes Smart Fortwos for the school custodians and property assessors to use at work. At night the code inspectors will get the Smart Cars. They’re replacing a 1994 Chevy Blazer, which boasted a dismal 11 miles to the gallon.

Like their eco-vain neighbors in Boston, Somerville’s pretty proud of their pint-sized vehicles, decorated with the city’s seal, with their 60 miles to the gallon and their perpendicular curb parking. We’re wondering if Keohane and Cartman need to put Somerville on Smug Alert. Somerville spokeswoman Lesley Hawkins believes they are forging ahead of a national trend. The municipality is the first in the country to use Smart Cars for city employees, but she’s betting they won’t be the last. (Smug Alert increasing to Yellow.)

Mayor Curtatone adds that the environmentally friendly vehicles will help “maintain fiscal responsibility, lower carbon emissions, and promote alternative means of commuting.” (We hit Red, people; we hit Red!!)

The cars are also available to city employees to sign out on a case-by-case basis for use on official city business. If this pilot program is successful, the city will look to purchase more Smart Cars to encourage city employees to bike or take public transportation to work and then use the Smart Cars for city errands. (Wa-ooo-waa-ooo-wa–ooo! We’re at White Hot! Repeat: Tofu White Hot!)

Whether you love them, or think they should come with a bag of Callaways, Smart Cars are here to stay. More than 11,000 Americans purchased Smart Cars since their U.S. launch in January and the number of worldwide drivers is fast approaching one million. Even GM wants in; the automaker will bring the Chevy Beat—a brand sold in Europe—to the U.S. within the next few years.

If Somerville is a reliable indicator, GM better enter the market before the rest of Chevy’s SUVs are scrapped. Of course, the town may still need a few SUVs for those pesky occasions when the superintendent of school custodians needs to transport anything bigger than a laptop.

—DAVID MASHBURN

The Smart Car is undoubtedly cute and novel, but is it a smart choice for drivers that are concerned about the environment as well as their wallet? We've given the Smart a lot of coverege here on treehugger (here, here, here, here, here and here, for instance), always evoking mixed reviews from our writers and readers alike. Eric Taub of the NY Times recently test drove the Smart ForTwo for two weeks on the streets of Los Angeles, and found the experience to be, well, mediocre. While he acknowledged that the car got him as much attention as the iPhone when it first came out, when it came time to take it on the roads the car underperformed in numerous ways.

For one thing, although the Smart had no problem getting up to 80 MPH on the highway, "once at speed, the engine thrashed and the car was buffeted by the wake of passing tractor trailers, giving me pause when I thought about taking one hand off the wheel. The experience was akin to crossing the upper level of the George Washington Bridge in a 1960s Volkswagen Beetle on a windy day." Cornering wasn't much better, either: "the body roll was pronounced, causing a friend to reflexively grab the dash."

The battery electric

Based on the previous Smart, more than 100 of these battery-electric prototypes have been built by Zytec in Fradley, Staffordshire, and are now being released on a four-year nationwide trial. The high-temperature, molten-salt battery is a natrium-nickel-chloride unit made by MES-DEA of Switzerland and mounted under the floor where the fuel tank sits in a conventional Smart. Its rated output is 15.5kW/hrs and it weighs 302lb. It runs permanently at temperatures of between 260 and 330 degrees centigrade and keeping the unit to that temperature takes between 10 and 15 per cent of the battery's capacity. Nevertheless, these so-called Zebra batteries are robust, with a proven long life and good resistance to overcharging.

The 30kW/41hp brushless, liquid-cooled DC motor is designed and built by Zytek, with the motor, the inverter and its controlling electronics in one housing that fits neatly onto the three standard engine mountings. A conventional transmission is retained, but it is locked into second gear; there's no need for more given the torque delivery characteristics and 12,000rpm peak operating speed of the electric motor.

The top speed is 75mph, 0-37mph takes 5.7sec (the same as the petrol version) and while the typical range in everyday use will be about 50 miles, gentle driving can extend that to 70. The key to this is gentle acceleration and braking, as the car will recycle the braking energy as current if you don't hit the anchors too hard. The battery can be recharged via a conventional 220/240 volt domestic socket - it takes eight hours for a full charge from empty, three-and-a-half hours to charge it from 30 to 80 per cent of its capacity. On the European Combined cycle, power consumption is about 12kW/hrs per 62 miles and at current values that costs about 0.02 euros per kilometre (2.6 pence per mile). The battery can be recharged at least 1,000 times, which in normal use gives a life of about 10 years.

Inside, the battery Smart is almost identical to its petrol sister; there's no gear lever, of course, and there is a charge-level indicator in the middle of the instrument binnacle, but that's about it. Starting takes no more than five seconds after a systems check, then it's a simple case of push the pedal and go.

Initial acceleration is scorching as the traction motor delivers all its 88.5lb ft of torque to the rear wheels from virtually zero revs. It sounds pathetic to say so, but the electric Smart surges off so quickly it's quite difficult to manoeuvre in tight places, so you need to learn to cover the brake with your left foot. In common with other electric cars, you also need to learn to use the horn, as pedestrians simply don't hear the little car coming. There is some noise from the driveline in the form of a high-pitched whine, but it is far quieter than some hydrogen fuel-cell cars I have driven.

The standard Smart is hardly the acme of ride quality and with an additional 220lb (110kg) on board, the electric version is possibly worse, though not by much. On smooth roads this volt-powered two-seater is fine but the individual wheel suspension rates are high; it crashes into pot-holes and sleeping policeman are an experience best forgotten. The electrically powered air-conditioning system, in addition, is a joke. But in its natural urban environment, the electric Smart is a hoot. The limited top speed is never a problem and there's enough instant surge to go for gaps in the traffic. It's also reassuring that the Smart has a four-star crash safety rating.

Fans of pure battery-electric technology always seem to have a blind spot about what lies beyond the plug, in other words where the electricity comes from; most "electric" vehicles are actually coal, gas or nuclear powered. That said, the terms of the Smart trial insist that the cars be charged from a carbon-neutral or offset electricity supply.

Companies and organisations interested in test-driving one of the electric Smarts must apply to Mercedes-Benz in Milton Keynes; costs are currently running at £380 a month for the lease plus the electricity to charge it.

Saturday, 12 July 2008

Meet the Smart car: An ultra-compact, Mercedes-designed, head-turning little vehicle that's been negotiating traffic and squeezing into impossibly tiny spaces in Europe for almost a decade.

Now, it's about to go on sale in the United States.

One reason the company waited so long to introduce it to Americans was that the U.S. wasn't ready for such a small car, said Jessica Gamarra, marketing specialist for Smart USA.

But choking traffic and rising gas prices have changed that, she said.

"I think we've finally gotten into a mindset where we are starting to look at conserving rather than consuming, and I think that especially makes this car the right car at the right time," Gamarra said.

The Smart is expected to get at least 40 miles per gallon.

But fuel-economy may be an afterthought for some buyers. Many are simply expected to purchase the car for the "wow factor" once it hits dealerships in January.

"You get something that looks totally different than anything else on the road," said Csaba Csere, editor-in-chief of Car and Driver magazine. "So if you kind of want to be looked at and want to be the first on your block with the new hardware, the Smart does that."

But Csere advised prospective Smart car buyers to take a realistic look at their driving habits.

"I would make sure that a car this small will meet your needs," Csere said. "If your driving is mostly on city streets or maybe city freeways, the car is going to be fine. But this is not a car that you want to do long distances in on the highway."

The automotive Web site Edmunds.com had a similar verdict.

It praised the Smart for its styling, economy, "zippy" handling and ability to park almost anywhere.

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